What each model rewards
No fee model is neutral. Each one pays the operator for a specific behaviour, and that behaviour is what you should expect more of.
- Volume fee: rewards mirrored turnover. Transparent and predictable; watch for churn incentives.
- Profit share: rewards upside, costs nothing in losing periods; can reward volatility-seeking and often uses high-water marks worth reading closely.
- Subscription: predictable and behaviour-neutral, but charged whether or not the system trades or performs.
- Spread markup: worst for transparency, since the cost is embedded in your fill price rather than itemised.